ژئوپلیتیک انرژی، روسیه و دیپلماسی خط لولۀ ترکیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه تهران

2 دکتری روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

افزایش روزافزون استفاده از انرژی در نظام بین­الملل معاصر سبب شده است تا در کنار کشورهای عرضه­کنندة انرژی، کشورهای مستقر در مسیر انتقال نیز اهمیت فراوانی به‌دست آورند. تلاش برای تبدیل‌شدن به مسیری برای انتقال هرچه بیشتر انرژی به­ویژه نفت و گاز طبیعی افزون بر منافع اقتصادی­ به توانمندی سیاسی و امنیتی کشورها نیز می­افزاید. با توجه به چنین اهمیتی است که کشورها اکنون هرچه بیشتر تلاش می­کنند تا از موقعیت جغرافیایی مناسب خود به‌عنوان ابزار قدرت بهره­برداری کنند. ترکیه با این استدلال، ژئوپلیتیک انرژی را ابزاری برای دستیابی به هدف‌های راهبردی خود در منطقه و نظام بین‌الملل تعریف کرده است. مجاورت با مناطق اصلی تولید انرژی از یک‌سو و نزدیکی به اتحادیة اروپا به‌عنوان یکی از مهم­ترین مصرف‌کنندگان انرژی از سوی دیگر سبب شده است تا رهبران ترکیه دیپلماسی خط لوله را برای پیگیری هدف‌های سیاست خارجی خود در نظر بگیرند. ژئوپلیتیک مناسب ترکیه اهمیت فراوانی را برای این کشور در بخش انتقال انرژی فراهم کرده است. در این نوشتار ضمن اشاره به چارچوب روابط اتحادیة اروپا و روسیه در حوزۀ انرژی و آسیب­پذیری این اتحادیه در مقابل سیاست­های روسیه، فرصت­های ایجادشده برای ترکیه جهت استفاده از دیپلماسی خط لوله در راهبرد کلان این کشور بررسی می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Energy Geopolitics, Russia and Turkey Pipeline Diplomacy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Shirkani 1
  • Majid Mohammad Sharifi 2
1 Professor of International Relations Department, University of Tehran
2 PhD in International Relations, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The increasing importance of energy in the contemporary international system, has led countries who in addition to Energy supplying countries, are involved in transition. These latter countries are also gaining in importance. Attempts to become a better route for energy, especially oil and natural gas in addition to economic interests and security of the country, are among the factors that strengthen countries political capabilities. By consideration to such importance is that more and more countries are now trying to exploit a convenient geographic position as a power instrument. Turkey, in line with this argument, defined geopolitics of energy as a means of achieving strategic goals in the region and the international system. proximity to the main areas of energy production on the one hand and being adjacent to the European Union as one of the major energy consumers on the other hand, has prompted the Turkish leaders to consider pipeline diplomacy as a tool in pursuing their foreign policy goals. Turkey’s suitable geopolitical position is conducive to the Country’s importance in energy transfer. This article in addition to consideration of relations between Europe and Russia in the field of energy and vulnerability of the Union by Russia’s policy, analyzes opportunities for Turkey to use diplomacy pipeline in the country's grand strategy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy Geopolitics
  • EU
  • Pipeline Diplomacy
  • Russia
  • Turkey

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مطالعات اوراسیای مرکزی
دوره 10، شماره 1
بهار و تابستان
فروردین 1396
صفحه 117-133

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